Broadleaf plantain

Broadleaf Plantain

Plantago major

Botanical Family: Plantaginaceae (Plantain family)

Botanical Description

Plantago major is a humble perennial often overlooked as a weed. Broad, oval leaves with prominent parallel veins form a basal rosette. Tall, slender flower spikes bear tiny greenish flowers. Native to Europe but now found worldwide – Native Americans called it “white man’s footprint” because it appeared wherever Europeans settled.

Medicinal Actions

Primary actions: Vulnerary, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, demulcent, astringent, alterative.

Traditional uses: One of the most accessible and useful first aid herbs. Chewed fresh leaves applied to bites, stings, cuts, and splinters provide immediate relief and promote healing. Also used internally for coughs and digestive complaints.

Drawing action: Plantain poultices are traditionally used to “draw out” venom, pus, and foreign objects.

Body Systems Affected

Integumentary: Primary affinity – wounds, bites, stings, burns, rashes.

Respiratory: Demulcent and expectorant for coughs.

Digestive: Soothes irritated digestive tract.

Urinary: Traditional for urinary tract support.

Safety Information

Extremely safe – one of the safest herbs known.

Foraging: Only harvest from areas free of pesticides, herbicides, and pet waste.

Growing Guide

Hardiness: Zones 3-9. Extremely adaptable.

Light: Full sun to partial shade.

Soil: Any soil – thrives even in compacted soil.

Sowing: Sow in spring or autumn. Often self-seeds.

Spacing: 15-20cm apart.

Harvesting

Part used: Leaves (primarily); seeds also used.

When to harvest: Throughout growing season. Fresh leaves best for poultices.

Drying & Storage

Dry leaves at 35°C (95°F). Store in airtight containers for up to 1 year. Fresh plant is often preferred for first aid use.