Cladonia rangiferina

Cladonia rangiferina

Plant Family

Cladoniaceae

Botanical Description

Reindeer Lichen is a fruticose lichen (not a true plant) forming pale grey-green, intricately branched, shrubby tufts 5-10 cm tall. It is a symbiotic organism of fungus and algae. Grows very slowly, only 3-5 mm per year.

Cautions

Usnic acid can be hepatotoxic in large amounts. Use in moderation. Not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Some people may have allergic reactions.

Habitat

Arctic and boreal forests, tundra, heathlands, and alpine areas on acidic, well-drained soils.

Harvest Instructions

Harvest sustainably by taking only small amounts. Very slow to regenerate. Best collected when moist.

Geographic Distribution

Circumpolar in arctic and subarctic regions including Iceland, Scandinavia, Canada, and Russia.

Growth Conditions

Requires clean air (sensitive to pollution). Acidic, well-drained substrate. Cool, moist climate.

Plant Size

5-10 cm tall

Pests & Diseases

Sensitive to air pollution. No significant pests.

Effects on the Body

Antimicrobial properties (usnic acid), soothes respiratory passages, traditional use for skin conditions and wounds.

Active Constituents

Usnic acid, polysaccharides (lichenin), organic acids.

Safety Information

Dosage

Traditional use only. Small amounts in tea or decoction. Must be thoroughly soaked and rinsed before use to remove bitter acids.

Culinary Use

Traditional food for reindeer and caribou. Historically used as emergency food for humans after processing to remove bitter acids.

Folklore & Historical Use

Critical winter food source for reindeer and caribou. Used by indigenous peoples as food during famine and medicinally.

Scientific Research

Limited clinical research available. Preclinical studies show antimicrobial activity against various bacteria. Contains usnic acid with documented antibiotic properties.