Vaccinium myrtillus

Vaccinium myrtillus

Plant Family

Ericaceae

Botanical Description

Bilberry is a small deciduous shrub growing 15-60 cm tall with small oval leaves, pink urn-shaped flowers, and dark blue berries with deep purple flesh.

Cautions

Generally very safe. Large amounts may interact with blood thinners and diabetes medications.

Habitat

Heaths, moors, acidic woodlands, mountain slopes.

Geographic Distribution

Native to Europe including Iceland and Scandinavia.

Growth Conditions

Partial shade. Acidic, humus-rich, moist soil.

Plant Size

15-60 cm

Effects on the Body

Supports eye health and night vision, strengthens blood vessels, antioxidant. Traditionally used for diarrhea and circulatory problems.

Active Constituents

Anthocyanins, flavonoids, tannins, vitamin C, chromium.

Safety Information

Dosage

Berries: eaten fresh or dried. Extract: 80-160 mg standardized to 25% anthocyanins, 2-3 times daily.

Culinary Use

Eaten fresh, in jams, pies, juices. Highly prized wild fruit.

Folklore & Historical Use

WWII RAF pilots reportedly ate bilberry jam to improve night vision.

Scientific Research

Multiple clinical studies on eye health and circulation. A 12-week randomized controlled trial showed improved ciliary muscle function. Over 60 human studies on standardized extract support vascular benefits. Contains high levels of anthocyanins with documented antioxidant effects.