Elecampane

Elecampane

Inula helenium

Botanical Family: Asteraceae (Daisy family)

Botanical Description

Inula helenium is an impressive perennial growing 1-2 meters tall. Large, velvety, oval leaves (up to 50cm) clasp the stem. Bright yellow, shaggy sunflower-like flowers appear in summer. The thick, branching root – the medicinal part – is aromatic, with a distinctive violet-like fragrance when dried and a bitter, warming taste.

Medicinal Actions

Primary actions: Expectorant, antitussive, antimicrobial, bitter tonic, diaphoretic, warming.

Traditional uses: Known since ancient times – the Romans candied the root as a sweetmeat and used it for digestion. In folk medicine, it has been a premier remedy for chronic lung conditions, persistent coughs, and bronchitis. Also used for digestive complaints and parasites.

Key compound: Contains inulin (prebiotic fiber) and alantolactone (antimicrobial, expectorant).

Body Systems Affected

Respiratory: Premier herb for chronic, deep-seated lung conditions, persistent coughs, and bronchitis.

Digestive: Bitter tonic; traditionally used for poor appetite and digestive weakness.

Immune: Antimicrobial properties; used for chronic infections.

Safety Information

Generally safe when used appropriately.

Large doses: May cause vomiting, diarrhea, or cramping.

Allergies: Those allergic to Asteraceae may react.

Pregnancy/Nursing: Avoid due to lack of safety data.

Diabetes: Contains inulin; monitor blood sugar.

Growing Guide

Hardiness: Zones 4-8. Very cold hardy.

Light: Full sun to partial shade.

Soil: Rich, moist, deep soil.

Sowing: Sow seeds in spring on the surface (need light). Can also propagate by root division.

Spacing: 90cm apart. Plants become large.

Harvesting

Part used: Root.

When to harvest: Autumn of the 2nd or 3rd year, after tops die back.

Method: Dig deeply to extract the large root system.

Drying & Storage

Slice roots and dry at 40°C (104°F). The violet-like aroma develops during drying. Store in airtight containers for up to 2 years. Can be candied traditionally or made into lozenges.